列车—“站桥合一”大型客运站耦合振动响应分析

Coupling Vibration Response of Train-“Station-Bridge Integration” for Large-Scale Passenger Station

为研究列车高速通过"站桥合一"大型复杂客运站时所引起的结构振动问题,以天津西站为例,利用自主开发的TRBF-DYNA软件开展列车—客运站耦合系统振动响应研究。分别采用有限元法建立轨道—客运站整体三维模型、采用多刚体动力学方法建立31个自由度的车辆模型,应用非线性赫兹接触理论模拟轮轨之间可分离的接触关系,对客运站结构进行模态分析以及高速行车条件下的列车—客运站耦合振动响应分析。结果表明:客运站的轨道层刚度满足要求,自振频率大于规范规定的最低限值;客运站结构的振动受列车竖向动力荷载控制,并以竖向振动为主;沿客运站结构高度方向,轨道层的振动响应最大,高架层次之,屋顶层最小;轨道层及高架层的振动响应随着测点距线路水平距离的增加而快速衰减;在车致振动从钢轨向客运站结构的传递过程中,无砟轨道结构可以起到很好的减振作用,可有效降低列车对轨道层的冲击作用;客运站结构的动力响应及列车行车安全性指标符合规范要求,天津西站的结构设计安全,具有较高的安全储备。

In order to research the structure vibration of complex Railway Passenger Station （RPS） with ＂station-bridge integration＂ induced by high-speed train, Tianjin West Station was taken as an example and the self-developed software TRBF-DYNA was used to investigate the dynamic response of train-RPS coupled system. The whole three-dimensional model of track-RPS system was established by finite element method, the multi-rigid-body dynamics was employed to build the model of train possessing 31 degrees of freedom, and the nonlinear Hertzian contact theory was used to model the separable contact relationship of track and wheel. Modal analysis of RPS structure and the dynamic response of train-RPS coupled system induced by high-speed train were conducted. The results show that the stiffness of RPS track level can meet the requirements and the natural frequency is greater than the minimum limit. The vibration of RPS is controlled by train vertical dynamic loading and vertical vibration prevails. Along the height direction of RPS structure, the dynamic response of structure vibration at track level is maximum, that at elevated level is smaller and that at roof level is minimum. The vibration response of track level and elevated level decreases rapidly with the increase of the horizontal distance from the measuring point to track. The ballastless track can reduce the impact of train acted on the track level during the vibration induced by train transmitting to RPS structure. The dynamic response of RPS structure and train running safety indexes meet the code requirements. The structure design of Tianjin West Station is safe and has enough safety margins.