陕西贡院的历史变迁与价值

Historical change and value of Shaanxi examination hall

陕西贡院位于陕西西安,实为陕甘乡试考场,故也称"陕甘贡院"。明清时期来这里参加乡试的考生包括今陕西、甘肃、宁夏、青海河湟地区以及新疆乌鲁木齐、哈密一带的书生,最多时有近万人。陕西贡院遂成为西北地区广大学子参加科举考试的集中地,造就了西安作为西北文教枢纽的历史地位,体现并发挥了重要的科举价值、教育价值和文化价值,同时也折射出明清时期西北地区学校教育的极端落后。

Shaanxi examination hall,located in Xi＇an,Shaanxi,was also called Shaanxi-Gansu examination hall.For it was actually the examination place for Shaanxi and Gansu provincial examination.In the Ming and Qing dynasties,there were nearly 10,000 examinees at its peak from Shaanxi,Gansu,Ningxia,Hehuang region in Qinghai,Urumchi and Kumul region in Xinjiang to participate in the provincial examination.Shaanxi examination hall hence became the gathering place for the examinees in the northwest areas of Feudal China,embodying its important value in the imperial examination system,education and culture,which made Xian the cultural and educational center in the northwest areas,and also reflected the pretty backward situation of the school education in the northwest areas since the Ming and Qing dynasties.