摘要
目的了解某三级甲等医院医院感染的实际情况及变化趋势,有效预防与控制医院感染。方法采用横断面调查方法,调查2010年5月26日、2012年12月12日、2013年12月4日所有住院患者,统计分析3年的资料。结果 2010、2012、2013年医院感染现患率分别为6.66%(116例)、6.67%(113例)和6.33%(120例),例次现患率分别为7.29%(127例次)、7.38%(125例次)和6.97%(132例次)。重症监护室(ICU)医院感染现患率最高,其中内科ICU高达71.43%。感染部位以下呼吸道居首位(44.53%),其次为手术部位(9.11%)和泌尿道感染(9.11%)。医院感染病原菌中,革兰阴性菌、革兰阳性菌和真菌分别占60.81%、20.38%、18.81%。3年抗菌药物使用率分别为32.95%、29.87%、25.59%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.16,P<0.01)。结论该院医院感染现患率较高,感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,主要感染部位为下呼吸道;抗菌药物使用率逐年降低。应加强对感染高发科室、部位以及病原菌的监测,并采取相应干预措施。
Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in a hospital,so as to provide reference for making HAI control measures.Methods The cross-sectional survey on HAI was carried out among all hospitalized patients on May 26,2010,December 12,2012 and December 4,2013,respectively,surveyed data were analyzed.Results The prevalence rate was 6.66%(n=116),6.67%(n=113)and 6.33%(n=120)in 2010,2012 and 2013 respectively,and case rate was 7.29%(n=127),7.38%(n=125)and 6.97%(n=132)respectively,intensive care unit(ICU)had the highest infection rate,internal medicine ICU was up to 71.43%.The main infection site was lower respiratory tract(44.53%),followed by surgical site infection(9.11%)and urinary tract infection(9.11%).The isolation rate of gram-negative bacteria,gram-positive bacteria and fungi was60.81%,20.38% and 18.81% respectively.Usage rate of antimicrobial agents in three years was 32.95%,29.87%and 25.59%respectively(χ^2=13.16,P〈0.01).Conclusion Prevalence rate of HAI in this hospital is high,the main pathogen is gram-negative bacteria,the main infection site is lower respiratory tract,antimicrobial use decreased year by year.Monitor on high risk departments,main sites and pathogens should be intensified.
出处
《中国感染控制杂志》
CAS
2014年第9期544-547,共4页
Chinese Journal of Infection Control
基金
艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病防治(2012ZX10004206-003)
关键词
医院感染
现患率
病原菌
感染部位
耐药菌
healthcare-associated infection
prevalence rate
pathogen
infection site
drug-resistant bacteria