论乾隆南巡对江南形象传播之影响——以南巡相关绘画与仿建为中心

On the Transmission of Kiangnan Image in the Southern Inspection Tours of Qianlong—In the Case of the Relevant Paintings and Architectures

在历代帝王巡游中,清代乾隆皇帝的六次南巡最为世瞩目,其频率之高、规模之大、影响之重及后世传闻之广,堪称旷古未有。南巡期间,乾隆命画师相随,将江南名园、景致摹绘成图,大量仿建于北方御苑行宫。这种历史上最大规模的"移植"效法行为,为皇家园林体系注入了新的生机,成就了清中期皇家园林的空前鼎盛。同时,它更促进了江南形象的塑造与传播。这种移植仿制行为,是出于"视听享受"还是为"吏治民生"?对此,皇帝本人也在不断地寻求冠冕堂皇的悖论诠释。

： Emperor Qianlong＇s inspection tours in Kiangnan （the south of Yangtze River） are the most remarkable among all the tours by the emperors in the past dynasties, of which the high frequency, the large scale, the significant impact and the wide spread in the later ages are indeed unprecedented in the history of China. During the inspection tours, Qianlong had commanded the painters to paint Kiangnan garden, landscapes which were extensively imitated in North imperial palace. The extensive imitation had injected new vitality for the Royal Garden. At the same time, it also promoted the shaping and transmission of Kiangnan image. Which was the purpose of these imitation？ The imperial ＂audio-visual enjoyment＂ or administration of officials and livelihood？ On this point, Qianlong himself also had constantly been looking for a reasonable explanation to this paradox.