祜乐山水:大美审美中的主体意识

Hu le Landscape:Subject Consciousness at the Superbeauty of Aesthetic

大美审美是中国自然审美中的一个突出现象。大美研究离不开大美审美主体的研究,大美审美主体意识的研究是大美审美研究的基础。在具体的大美审美活动中,其主体意识主要包括时间意识、生命意识和价值观念。审美主体的时间意识是大美审美主体赋予审美对象的一个新的维度,它使得大美成为时间维度上的存在物并在时间维度上获得了意义;审美主体的生命意识是时间意识在审美主体个体方面的特殊表现,是人生短暂与时间无穷之间不可缓和的矛盾在主体方面的反映,在情感特征上主要表现为审美主体因自身无法与大美相较的生命短促感而来的审美悲情;审美主体的价值观念表现了审美主体意欲克服时间无穷与生命有限的矛盾、把外在于人的无限时空与人的存在一体化的主观追求,在人生存在的虚空中注入与具有绝对价值和意义真实的大美相对应的个体价值,作为个体生命对抗生存空虚的保证。审美主体的时间意识、生命意识和价值观念是中国大美审美的重要因素,在对大美的审美观照中,这些主体意识最终表现为审美主体效法自然、追随自然的渴求和达致与天地合一、与日月同辉的境界的追求。

Super- beauty aesthetic is a prominent phenomenon in the Chinese natural aesthetics. Super- beauty research is inseparable from the aesthetic subject of Super- beauty. Study on the subject consciousness of the Super-beauty aesthetic is the foundation of the super- beauty aesthetic study. In the specific activities of the Super- beauty of Aesthetic,subject consciousness mainly includes the time consciousness,life consciousness and idea of values. The time consciousnessof aesthetic subject is a new dimension of aesthetic object. It makes super- beauty become the existence on the time dimension and get a significance. Aesthetic subject＇s life consciousness is the special expression in the aesthetic aspects of the subject individual. It reflects the contradiction between infinite time and limited life. Time consciousness,life consciousness and idea of values are considered to be important factors of aesthetic super- beauty of China. In the aesthetic contemplation of super- beauty,their final manifestation includes following the natural,following the natural desire and achieving the unity of heaven and earth,and in pursuit of shing forever like the sun and the moon.