微生物与铀的相互作用及其应用前景

Interaction of Microorganism with Uranium and Its Potential Application

放射性核素铀可能会对周围环境造成长期污染,因此,放射性废物中铀的处理受到了普遍关注。近年来,越来越多的证据表明,放射性核素污染微生物处理法与无机材料处理法同等重要。微生物与铀的相互作用机制主要包括以下几个方面:生物吸附,细胞内的聚积、沉淀和氧化还原转换。目前正在开展的研究旨在阐明从放射性物质贮存相关的各种极端环境中分离获得的菌株与铀之间相互作用的关键过程。对这些能与铀相互作用的细菌有了基本的了解,将有助于放射性废物处理、修复技术的发展及其在环境放射性污染防治中的推广应用。

Uranium（U） in radioactive wastes is of common concern for their potential for long-term contamination of the environment. Recently, it is becoming increasingly evident that microbial processes are of importance as well as inorganic processes affecting on radionuclide contamination. Microorganism interacts with uranium through different mechanisms, including biosorption, intracellular accumulation, precipitation and redox transformations. The study aimed at giving a brief overview of the key process responsible for the interaction of uranium with bacterial strains isolated from different extreme environments relevant to radioactive repositories. Fundamental understanding of the interaction of these bacteria with U will be useful for developing appropriate radioactive waste treatments and remediation on the environmental radionuclide contamination.