黑木耳多糖的抑菌活性与单糖组分分析

Extraction,antimicrobial and monosaccharide composition analysis of polysaccharides fromAuricularia auricular

研究了黑木耳粗多糖的水提醇沉提取工艺,并分析了其抑菌活性和单糖组分.通过热水浸提法提取粗多糖,利用牛津杯法测定了该粗多糖的抑菌活性.粗多糖经过DEAE-纤维素柱层析和S-400进行纯化处理得到单一组分AAP80-3a,经气相色谱-质谱联用分析其单糖组分.结果表明:黑木耳多糖的最佳提取工艺条件为液料比1∶70,浸提温度90℃,浸提时间4h,提取数4次.抑菌实验显示AAP80对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌有抑制作用,而对藤黄微球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和酵母、黑曲霉等均无明显抑菌效果.单糖组分分析得出:AAP80-3a主要含有D-葡萄糖,并含有D-甘露糖、D-半乳糖,摩尔比为1∶0.26∶0.15.

Crude polysaccharides of Auricularia auricula （AAP） were extracted by hot water extraction and alcohol precipitation,and then antimicrobial activities and monosaccharide composition of AAP were analyzed.The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by Oxford cup.One purified polysaccharides was obtained by DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-400,and the components of AAP80-3a were studied by GC-MS.The results showed that an optimum extraction condition was obtained at a liquid-solid ratio 1 ∶ 70,temperature 90 ℃,extraction time 4 h and extraction number 4.It was found that crude AAP had great antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.But no activities on the Micrococcus luteus,Bacillus subtilis,Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger was found.AAP80-3a was mainly composed of D-glucose,D-mannose and D-galactose with a molar ratio of 1 ∶ 0.26 ∶ 0.15.