金针菇意杨菌糠有机肥发酵的初步研究

Preliminary Research on Fermentation of Organic Fertilizer with Italian Poplar Sawdust-Supplemented Substrates Spent by Flammulina velutipes

通过筛选发酵配方和接种量,测定发芽指数(GI)、水分、pH、酶活性的变化,对金针菇意杨菌糠有机肥发酵进行初步研究。筛选得最佳发酵培养基配方(菌糠70%、米糠15%、麦麸15%),GI为94%。接种量为2%时,GI为92%,脲酶活性最大,为17 U,比接种量为10%(12U)和14%(13 U)高,而纤维素酶活性大小受接种量的影响较小。发酵过程中培养基的水分含量呈下降趋势,pH则呈上升趋势。脲酶最大活性为21 U,出现在第6天,在第8天降到最低值,仅为8 U。而纤维素酶活性最高值在第8天,为10 U,随之下降至8 U。这些研究结果将为金针菇意杨菌糠的肥料化研究提供一定的参考依据。

The fermentation of organic fertilizer with Italian poplar sawdust-supplemented substrates spent by Flammulina velutipes was studied through detection of germination index （ GI）, water content, pH and enzyme activities. Fermentation formula and innoculum concentration were optimized. The best formula was constituted by 70% spent substrate, 15% rice bran and 15% wheat bran,with 94% GI. When 2% decomposing agent was innoculated, GI was recorded as 92% and the urease activity got to 17U, much higher than those with 10% （12U） and 14% （13U） of innocula. However,the cellulase activity was not obviously affected by innoculum concentration. During the fermentation process, water content of substrate decreased and pH value increased. The urease activity maximized to 21U on the 6th day and dropped to the lowest value on the 8th flay, 8U. And the highest cellulase activity was dectected as 10U on the 8th day and then declined to 8U. These findings could be helpful for further development.