论国际惯例司法效力的源与流

On the Judicial Effectiveness of International Conventions

按照我国立法,司法语境中的国际惯例为私法性实体规范。它只适用于涉外案件,在纯国内案件中不能用作裁判规范。国际惯例的司法效力源于契约效力、替补效力和直接效力。作为法官法源,国际惯例的司法进入有当事人选择(间接适用)和法官选择(直接适用)两种路径,在直接适用中其主要用于法律漏洞的填补。

According to China＇s legislation,international conventions in the judicial context are private laws. It is appropriate for foreign cases alone but not used as judging norm in domestic cases. The judicial effectiveness of international conventions came from the contract effectiveness,substitution effectiveness,and direct effectiveness. As a resource for the judge,the judge may choose to use the international conventions（ direct） or the party may choose（ indirect）. In the case of direct use,it mainly works as a complement to the inadequacy of law.