耐力训练及限食对老龄大鼠骨骼肌线粒体呼吸功能影响的比较研究

A Comparative Study of Endurance Training and Caloric Restriction on Mitochondrial Respiratory Function in Skeletal Muscle of the Aged Rats

目的:观察长期耐力训练及限食对老龄大鼠骨骼肌线粒体功能的影响,比较其单独及协同作用,探讨耐力训练及限食的线粒体机制。方法:32只17月龄雄性SD大鼠分为4组:安静组(Control,C)、限食组(Caloric-Restricted,CR)、运动组(Exercise,E)和限食加运动组(Caloric-restricted and Exercise,E+CR),训练方式为跑台运动,中等运动强度(64%VO2max,15m/min,60分钟/天,每周5天),限食摄入的标准为正常摄入组的60%,共训练及限食12周,相同月龄对照组正常饲养。12周后于末次训练后取大鼠骨骼肌进行线粒体呼吸功能测定。结果:态3呼吸CR组和CR+E组显著降低,E组明显增高(P<0.05);态4呼吸CR组显著降低(P<0.05),E组和CR+E无明显变化;呼吸控制比CR组和CR+E组显著降低,E组明显增高(P<0.05);ATP合成活力E组显著增加(P<0.05),而CR组和CR+E组无明显变化,结论:耐力训练改善了大鼠骨骼肌线粒体呼吸链的电子传递效率,提高了线粒体呼吸功能,增强了氧化磷酸化能力,限食对能量需求较小,ATP生成减少,在低消耗水平下对线粒体呼吸功能有着良性影响。

Objective：we observe the long -term effects of endurance training and diet restriction on skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in aging rats,comparing their individual and synergistic effects of endurance training and diet restriction,investigating mitochondrial mechanism.Method32 adult male 17month old SD rats were divided into 4 equal groupcontrol,caloric -restricted,exercise,exercise and caloric -restricted. Exercise and exercise and caloric-restricted groups were trained for 12months by running on a treadmill （64%VO2max;15 m/min,60 min/day;5 days/week ）,while caloric -restricted group were maintained on 60%caloric intake of normal caloric intake for 12months.Measuring mitochondrial respiratory function in rat skeletal muscle after the last training of 12 weeks.ResultState3respirationCRgroup and CR ＋E group was significantly lower,E group were significantly higher（P 〈0.05）;State4respirationCRgroup was significantly reduce（P 〈0.05）,E group and CR ＋E no significant change;Respiratory control ratio was significantly lower in the CR group and CR ＋E group,E significantly increased（P〈0.05 ）;ATP synthesis activity was significant increase in group E （P 〈0.05 ）,while the CR group and CR ＋E group had no significant change.ConclusionEndurance training improves the efficiency of electron transfer in rat skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory chain,improving mitochondrial respiratory function,and enhancing the ability of oxidative phosphorylation, reducing the demand for energy restricted diet,reducing the efficiency of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.