完善我国矿产勘查用地补偿制度——对澳大利亚相关制度的借鉴

Effective Efforts must be made for China's Mineral Exploration Land Compensation System——Taking Related Systems of Australia for Reference

我国关于矿产勘查用地的准入规定较为粗疏,可操作性不强,阻碍了矿产勘查人利益的实现。借鉴矿业发达国家澳大利亚三个州(西澳、昆士兰、新南威尔士)有关矿产勘查用地补偿的相关制度,建议从以下两个方面完善矿产勘查用地补偿制度:一是明确土地上的权利人的范围,土地上的权利人应当包括土地所有权人及矿产勘查准入前的土地使用人;二是明确由矿产勘查造成损害的补偿范围及方式。补偿范围应当包括直接损失与间接损失两大部分;补偿方式应包括一次性全额补偿、先确定总补偿额再分期支付、根据施工进度补偿。

In China, poor regulation on mineral exploration land permit is detrimental to the people who are engaged in mineral exploration to realize the interests. This paper argues that based on land compensation system for mineral exploration purposes which is followed by the three states in Australia such as Western Australia, Queensland, and New South Wales, we must devote our efforts to improve the system of mineral exploration land compensation in China from the following aspects： first, we should determine who is the right-holder of land; and the holder must be include the landowner and land occupier before mineral exploration permits. Second, the compensation scope and mode must be made clear and definite for the damage resulted in mineral exploration. The direct and indirect damage have been the constituents of the compensation scope; and the compensation mode includes lump sum compensation, determining the total compensation for installment payment, and compensating according to the construction progress.