播期对太原地区麦茬夏播玉米生长发育、产量及产量构成因素的影响

Influence of Sowing Date on Growth, Yield and Component Factors of Maize of Wheat Stubble Sowing

为给太原地区麦茬夏播玉米适宜播期和适宜栽培的品种提供理论依据,以早、中、晚3个熟期极早熟玉米品种为试验材料,分3个播期处理研究了播期对夏玉米生长发育、产量及产量构成因素的影响。结果表明:随着播期推迟,夏玉米生育期从早熟到晚熟表现延长加剧的趋势。品种间、播期间以及品种与播期互作间玉米产量差异均达极显著,品种间表现为‘九玉5号’>‘并单6号’>‘冀承单3号’>‘九玉早熟1号’,播期间表现为6月25日>6月30日>7月5日,播期与品种互作表现为6月25日夏播‘并单6号’产量最高,6月30日夏播‘九玉5号’和7月5日夏播‘九玉早熟1号’品种均可获得较高玉米产量。播期推迟,百粒重减轻,穗行粒数减少,产量降低。因此,在太原地区冬小麦收获后,6月25日—7月5日可以选择不同熟期极早熟玉米品种进行夏播,早播对实现玉米高产有利,为获得不同播期条件下较高玉米产量必须注重品种熟期的选择。

To provide theoretical basis for suitable sowing date and suitable cultivars wheat stubble summer sowing maize for Taiyuan Region,summer maize growth,yield and yield components of three extreme early maturing maize of early,middle and late ripening lines materials were analyzed.The results showed that：along with the delay of sowing date,summer maize growth period extend from early to late performance intensively.There appeared significant differences in yield between varieties,sowing dates and the interaction between sowing dates and varieties.The district average yield between varieties expressed as‘Jiuyu5＇〉‘Bingdan 6＇〉‘Jichengdan 3＇〉‘Jiuyuzaoshu 1＇.That meant production within sowing period expressed as 〉25 th June 〉30 th June 〉5th July,and 〉25 th June‘Bingdan6＇in interaction between sowing period and varieties,yield had the highest yield,and 30 th June summer‘Jiuyu5＇and 5th July summer‘Jiuyuzaoshu1＇both had relatively higher yield.As sowing period delayed,100-grain weight and grains per row reductions were the mainly reason for low yields.Therefore,after the winter wheat harvest in the Taiyuan region from 25 th June to 5th July,different very early maturing maize lines could be chosen as summer sowing cultivars.And the early sowing maize would be favorable for high yield and on purpose to get higher yield for various sowing date conditions;attention was needed in selection of ripening period.