广东江门菠萝的寒害调查和品种特性分析

Investigation and Analysis of Chilling Damage and Variety Characteristics of Different Pineapple Varieties in Jiangmen,Guangdong Province

在经历了2013年冬季低温胁迫之后,根据寒害等级比较品种抗寒性差异,对4个菠萝品种‘金菠萝’(MD-2)、‘黄金菠萝’、‘巴厘’、‘卡因’进行了寒害调查。结果表明,这4个品种均受到不同程度的寒害,其中‘金菠萝’和‘卡因’的寒害等级较低,‘巴厘’和‘黄金菠萝’的抗寒性相对较弱,抗寒能力依次为‘金菠萝’>‘卡因’>‘黄金菠萝’>‘巴厘’。叶绿素的荧光特性决定作物的光合产量,为此,比较了不同菠萝品种的叶绿素荧光参数。‘金菠萝’的Fo和Fm均显著高于‘巴厘’,但是4个品种的Fv/Fm却没有显著差异。‘金菠萝’和‘黄金菠萝’均适合在江门进行推广种植,寒害等级和叶绿素荧光参数可以为抗寒品种筛选提供参考。

Investigation of chilling damage on different pineapple varieties was conducted after the cold stress in 2013 in Jiangmen. The experimental materials included： ＇MD-2＇, ＇gold＇, ＇Comte de Parisand＇ and ＇Smooth Cayenne＇. The difference of cold-resistant characteristics of these cultivars was identified based on chilling damage degree. chilling damage degree The results showed that the cold weather caused chilling damage to all cuhivars, the of ＇MD-2＇ and ＇gold＇ were lower than that of the other two cultivars. The cold- resistant characteristics of four pineapple varieties presented as ＇ MD- 2＇ 〉 ＇ Smooth Cayenne＇ 〉 ＇ gold＇ 〉 ＇ Comte de Paris＇. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were important to crop yield, therefore, the field experimentwas conducted in order to compare them. The values of Fo and Fm of ＇MD-2＇ were higher than those of ＇ Comte de Paris ＇. There was no significant difference among the values of Fv/Fm of the four cultivars. ＇MD-2＇ and ＇gold＇ could be cultivated well in Jiangmen. The chilling damage degree and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters could provide references for cold-resistant varieties selection.