在干旱条件下保水剂保水效果及其对棉花产量的影响

Effect of Soil Water Retention Agent and Influence on Cotton Production under Drought Condition

研究在干旱条件下保水剂保水效果,及其对棉花产量和产量带来经济效益的影响。本次研究设5个处理,即土壤保水剂施用量为0（CK）、15（T1）、30（T2）、45（T3）和60 kg/hm2（T4）,每个处理3个重复,在和田策勒县进行试验。结果表明：（1）各处理与对照的土壤含水量在0-30 cm的土层中差异不显著（P〉0.05）,其中0-10 cm土层中各处理保持在14.62%-15.53%之间,10-30 cm保持在16.35%-17.95%之间;而在30-40 cm土层中,对照与各处理间的土壤中含水量差异明显（P〈0.05）,T1、T2、T3和T4土壤含水量较CK分别增加了6.6%,7.45%,7.9%和7.8%。（2）相比CK,T1、T2、T3和T4产量达到显著差异水平（P〈0.05）,籽棉产量最高为2868.90 kg/hm2（T2）。从经济效益分析可知,处理T1、T2、T3和T4分别比对照增加了6600.30、9649.80、6937.50、6543.45元/hm2,其中30 kg/hm2（T2）处理的投入产出比为16.08。试验区施用保水剂后土层土壤水分有增加的趋势,施用量在30 kg/hm2时棉花产量最高,此时经济效益也达到最高水平。

The paper aims to study water-keeping effect of water retention agent on cotton yield and the economic impact under the condition of drought. There were 5 treatments in this study, soil water retention agent application rates were 0（CK）, 15 （T1）, 30 （T2）, 45 （T3） and 60 kg/hm^2 （T4）, respectively, each treatment with three replicates were conducted at Cele county of Hotan. The results showed that： （1） soil moisture differences between each treatment and control in soil layer of 0-30 cm were not significant （P〉0.05）, each treatment remained between 14.62 to 15.53% in 0-10 cm soil layer, 16.35 to 17.95% in 10-30 cm soil layer; while in 30-40 cm soil layer, differences of soil moisture content between control and each treatment were significant （P〈0.05）, soil moisture increased after applying composite soil moisture retention particles, T1, T2, T3 and T4, increased by 6.6%, 7.45%, 7.9% and 7.8%, respectively; （2） comparing to the control （CK）, yield increase of T1, T2, T3 and T4 reached different level （P〈0.05）, seed cotton yield was up to 2868.90 kg/hm2（T2）. By economic analysis, T1, T2, T3 and T4 increased 6600.30, 9649.80, 6937.50 and 6543.45 yuan/hm2 compared to the CK, the input-output ratio of 30 kg/hm2 （T2） treatment was 16.08. The soil moisture had a tendency to increase by using water retention agent in experimental zone. Cotton yield and economic benefits were highest in the test area with 30 kg/hm2 （T2）.