人诱停落法不同环境与昼夜时段成蚊种群构成的差异性研究

Community composition of mosquitoes in different environments and periods

目的探索上海中心城区不同环境及不同昼夜时段成蚊种群构成的差异性。方法选取5个监测点和2个特定时段采用人诱停落法进行连续194 d的成蚊动态监测研究。结果人诱停落法2012年194 d共捕捉到成蚊1 666只,包括3属5种,白纹伊蚊和淡色库蚊分别占71.1%和27.7%;2个时段成蚊种群构成差异显著(χ2=817.553,P<0.01)。白纹伊蚊和淡色库蚊分别是第1时段和第2时段优势蚊种(构成比分别为94.3%和66.2%);人民公园成蚊密度[0.557只/(人·次)显著低于人民广场[1.312只/(人·次),P<0.05],5个监测点的成蚊种群构成差异显著(χ2=164.225,P<0.01)。结论研究提示人诱停落法不同监测时段与监测点成蚊种群与密度均存在显著差异,上海市中心城区的蚊媒防治工作仍应针对白纹伊蚊和淡色库蚊两种优势蚊种,采取有效的、针对性的防控措施。

A Objective To explore population compositon of mosquitoes in different environments and in 2 periods one day. Methods Human-induced method was employed in the mosquito surveillance. Results There were 1 666 adult mosquitoes, including five mosquito species, captured during 194 days. Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens pallens took up 71.1% and 27.7 % respectively, they were also the dominant mosquito species of 1 st and 2nd monitoring pe- riod. The mosquito density in People＇ s park was significantly lower than that in People＇ s square [ 0. 557 vs 1. 312 pieces/30 （ min · site） , P 〈 0. 05 ] , and the population composition of mosquitoes were significantly different among 5 monitoring-sites（ χ^2 = 164. 225 ,P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion Mosquito density and population dynamics are different in different environment of and different monitoring period of one day. In Shanghai downtown, mosquito control and prevention measures should still be concentrated to two dominant mosquito species,Ae, albopictus and Cx. pipi- ens pallens.