镇江市病媒生物监测与分析

Monitoring of medical vectors in Zhenjiang

目的掌握镇江市病媒生物密度、季节消长及种群构成,为病媒生物防治提供参考。方法按照《全国病媒生物监测方案(试行)》和《江苏省病媒生物监测方案》要求,开展鼠、蝇、蚊和蟑螂的密度监测,监测分别采用夹夜法、诱蚊灯法、笼诱法和粘捕法。结果 2009-2013年,镇江市鼠密度平均为0.43%,捕获褐家鼠、黄胸鼠等6种鼠类,黄胸鼠为优势种,占40.79%;蚊密度平均为6.35只/(灯·h),捕获淡色库蚊、中华按蚊等5种蚊虫,三带喙库蚊为优势蚊种,占66.62%;蝇密度平均为5.04只/笼,捕获家蝇、丝光绿蝇等15种蝇,家蝇为优势种群,占51.14%;蟑螂平均密度为2.87只/张,蟑螂侵害率为17.43%,德国小蠊为优势种,占99.45%。结论从5年监测资料来看,镇江市病媒生物密度控制在较低水平。以环境综合整治为基础,综合各种防治措施可有效防治病媒生物。

Objective To understand the density, seasonal dynamics of medical vectors in Zhenjiang from 2009 to 2013. Methods According to ＂National Vector Biology Monitoring Scheme（Trial） ＂ and ＂Jiangsu Vector Biology Monitoring Scheme＂, the density of rats, flies, mosquitoes and cockroaches were monitored with the methods of night trapping,lamp traps, cagetraps and roach pastes. Results From the year of 2009 to 2013, the average density of mice in Zhenjiang was O. 43% , and six species of mice were captured. Rattus flavipectus was the dominant species ac- counting for 40. 79%. The average density of mosquitoes was 6. 35/（lamp ~ hour）. Five species of mosquitoes （ in- cluding Culex pipiens paUens and Anopheles sininsis ） were captured, and Culex tritaeniorhynchus was the dominant spe- cies accounting for 66. 62%. The density of flies was 5.04 per cage ,fifteen species of flies （ including Musca domesti- ca and Lucilia sericata） were captured, and Musca domestica was the dominant species accounting for 51.14%. The average density of cockroach was 2. 87 per sheet, and the encroachment rate of cockroach was 17. 43 %. Blattella ger- manica was the domimant species accounting for 99. 45%. Conclusion According to the past five years＇ monito- ring data, the density of medical vectors in Zhenjiang remaines at a lower level. Comprehensive control measures should be implemented.