柴达木沙漠公路排水体系研究

Research on Drainage System for Highways in Qaidam Desert

针对柴达木沙漠公路路基水毁现象,从路基高度设计、桥涵构造物设置、路界地表排水、路面内部排水、路界地下排水等方面进行研究。结果表明:(1)从概念设计角度考虑,柴达木沙漠公路路基高度在1.0m以上,并保证桥涵构造物数量,可降低水毁危害;(2)沙漠公路排水体系设计的重点是路面水流的疏导排除,拦水带、急流槽、坡面防护的设置至关重要;(3)柴达木荒漠区年降雨量小于50mm,可不考虑路面内部排水;(4)当路基设计高程到天然地下水位的距离小于3.2m或天然水位高于路基高程时,设置地下排水,利用渗沟对地下水进行汇集和排除。

In view of water damaged road base on the Qaidam desert highway, studies have been made from the height of embankment design, bridge structures set, road surface drainage, road internal drainage, road underground drainage and other aspects. The results show that： （1） when embankment height of Qaidam desert highway is above 1.0m and the quantities of bridges and culverts be ensured, water damage could be reduced; （2） desert highway pavement drainage system should focus on diverting and draining out the surface flow, curb band, closed slot and slope protection are important; （3） annual rainfall in Qaidam desert area is less than 50mm, surface internal drainage can be ignored; and （4） when the distance from roadbed design elevation to the natural groundwater level is less than 3.2m, or when the natural water level is higher than the subgrade elevation, underground drainage should be built to collect and drain out underground water.