空间分异视角的中小城镇就业承载作用分析

Analysis of Small and Medium-Sized Urban Employment Load in Spatial Perspective

增强就业承载力是有效发挥中小城镇人口城市化作用的基础。文章以数据的经验特征为假设前提,分析了工资持续上涨对要素配置、地租等的影响和使大城市与小城镇产生的空间分异现象。通过分析认为,"去工业化"会造成低技能劳动力的再就业难题,服务业资本密度的提高和规模经营又会不断提升对劳动力的质量要求,而房价和生活成本的过高则会严重削弱消费效用;同时,中小城镇在承接制造业转移、优化服务业结构和推进农业衍生产业发展等方面能够发挥优化就业结构的作用。

Bearing capacity of employment is the basis on playing a role of the urbanization of small and medium-sized towns effectively. In the empirical characteristics of the data for hypothesis, this paper analyzes the wages continuing to rise on the influence of the elements configuration and land rent, etc. , and making big cities and small towns space differentiation phenomenon. It points out that de-industrialization can cause the employment problem of low skill labor; the improvement of the service capital density and scale operation will continue to promote requirements about the quality of the labor force; but the house prices and the high cost of living would be severely weakened consumer utility. That makes the small and medium-sized towns play the role of optimization of employment structure in undertaking the transfer of manufacturing industry, optimizing the structure of service industry and promoting the development of agricultural derivatives industry.