安倍解禁集体自卫权的战略意图、路径及对中日关系的影响

Shinzo Abe's Lifting Bans on Japan's Collective Self-Defense:Purposes,Path,and Impacts on Sino-Japan Relations

解禁集体自卫权意味着当美国及其他与日本关系密切的国家在遭受攻击时,日本自卫队可以将其视为对本国的攻击而予以反击。安倍意图通过这一方式,谋求"摆脱战后体制",实现日本的"正常国家化",并进一步实现"重振日本"的政治大国化目标。但行使集体自卫权超出了宪法第九条允许的"自卫所需最低限度"范围,因此除非修宪或修改宪法解释,否则此举即被视为违宪。而鉴于修宪的门槛较高,使得他认识到无法一蹴而就,只得采取切香肠的方式,改以不断变通妥协争取部分进取的中期渐进和长期稳打的路线。现阶段,其目标是通过修改宪法解释来有条件地行使"限定性集体自卫权"。与此同时,为降低国内外对解禁集体自卫权的疑虑,以增强支持,安倍一方面打出了"积极和平主义"的旗号,以漂白自己,另一方面又刻意抹黑中国,将之渲染为威胁日本及周边安全的假想敌。可以想见,此举势将进一步导致本已陷入僵局的中日关系雪上加霜。

The possible action of lifting bans on Japan's collective self-defense means that when the U.S. and its ally were attacked,Japan Self-De?fense Forces would view it as attack on Japan itself and counter-attack. The purposes of such action include freeing Japan from the post WWII mechanisms,normalization Japan,and empowering Japan as a political power in the world. But exercising the right of collective self-defense is beyond the de facto scale of the article 9 of the Japanese Constitution,it could be anti-constitution unless the constitution or its relevant interpretations were changed.Regarding the huge challenges of constitution amendment in one-step way,PM Abe turns to a step-by-step way of partly forward by compromise. At present,his goal is to change the interpretation of the Japan's Pacifist Constitution to exercise the right of collective self-defense. In order to decrease the international community's doubts,PM Abe babbles about his'More Proactive Contribution to Peace',and discredit China as a perceived enemy of Japan and its neighborhood. We could foresee that his policy would surely further deteriorate the Sino-Japan relations.