南黄海辐射沙脊群浮游动物群落结构及季节变化

Community structure and seasonal variation of the zooplankton in the radial sand ridge group region of the southern Yellow Sea

2011年5月(春季)、8月(夏季)、11月(秋季)和2012年2月(冬季)对南黄海辐射沙脊群进行了四个季节浮游动物调查,共鉴定浮游动物42种,夏季(30种)>春季(25种)>秋季(16种)>冬季(14种).总平均丰度和总平均生物量分别为70.03ind·m-3和54mg·m-3,四季丰度由大到小依次为春季(144.61ind·m-3)>冬季(51.76ind·m-3)>秋季(46.28ind·m-3)>夏季(37.47ind·m-3);生物量依次为春季(72mg·m-3)>夏季(56mg·m-3)>冬季(55mg·m-3)>秋季(34mg·m-3).春季丰度和生物量的分布规律不明显,夏季向东北增加,秋季向东南增加,冬季整体分布较均匀.真刺唇角水蚤(Labidocera euchaeta)和中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)是该海域的主要优势种,四个季节唯一的共同优势种是真刺唇角水蚤,数量大,分布广,春季中华哲水蚤对总丰度贡献最大,夏季由于水温的升高数量大幅减少,冬季又成为该海域的优势种.浮游动物多样性指数(H′)年均值为1.70,夏季(2.43)>春季(1.97)>秋季(1.31)>冬季(1.08),该海区浮游动物整体群落结构较简单.对比发现该海域与邻近海域浮游动物种类组成和季节变化规律基本一致,但丰度和生物量较低.

The seasonal investigation on zooplankton community in the radial sand ridge group region of the southern Yellow Sea was carried out in May（spring）,August（summer）,November（autumn）in 2010 and February（winter）in2011.There were 42 species totally found in this area,and the ranking of number of species in each season was summer（30species）〉spring（25species）〉autumn（16species）〉winter（14species）.The annual average abundance and biomass were 70.03ind·m^-3 and 54mg·m^-3,and the ranking of seasonal value of abundance was spring（144.61ind·m^-3）〉winter（51.76ind·m^-3）〉autumn（46.28ind·m^-3）〉summer（37.47ind·m^-3）,while the ranking of seasonal value of biomass was spring（72mg·m^-3）〉summer（56mg·m^-3）〉winter（55mg·m^-3）〉autumn（34mg·m^-3）.The abundance and biomass did not show obvious regularity in spring,however,the abundance and biomass increased in the southeast in summer and in the northeast in autumn,and were evenly wddistribution in winter.The dominant species in the area were Labidocera euchaeta and Calanus sinicus.L.euchaeta was the dominant species all over the four seasons with high abundance and widely distribution.The abundance of C.sinicus was the max proportion in spring,while reduced with increase of temperature of sea water,and it became the dominant species again in winter.The distribution of the diversity index H′of zooplankton was 1.70,with the maximum value in summer（2.43）,the minimum value in winter（1.08）,and spring（1.97）and autumn（1.31）.Overall,the community of zooplanktons had a simple structure in the sea area.The seasonal varation of the community structure of zooplanktons in this sea area has the similar regularity with its adjacent sea area.