发展中国家远程非正式学习和非正规教育

Distance Informal Learning and Non-formal Education in Developing Countries

非正式学习和非正规教育有助于发展中国家人民创造公平、安全和可持续的未来。从规模角度讲,常规面授教育不可能满足这些需求,传统的自上而下的教学模式不可能实现公平、安全和可持续发展的未来所要求的社会和行为变革,只有通过远程教育的创新方法才能满足人们的这些需求。本文讨论了这些正在实施的创新方法。研究发现,信息通信技术本身不是解决所有问题的良方。我们需要一个更大的"生态环境",这个生态环境包括个人学习和集体学习,而且不仅仅应用信息通信技术和大众化媒体,而且也包含面授教学和传统文化形式的学习。文章最后呼吁必须进一步加大非正式学习和非正规教育研究力度。

People in the developing countries need informal learning and non-formal education to help them achieve just, secure and sustainable futures. Conventional face-to-face education can never cope with the scale of these needs and traditional‘top-down'models of teaching and learning can never achieve the kinds of social and behavioural change called for. These needs can only be met by innovative applications of distance education. The article explores the methods being adopted. It finds that by itself, information and communications technology(ICT) cannot provide all the solutions. What is required is a wider‘ecology'of individual and group learning which employs not only ICT and the mass media but face-to-face teaching and traditional cultural forms of learning. The article concludes by stressing the need for far more research in this field.