新农村建设中的“示范”:实践模式与运行效果

Demonstration in New Countryside Construction:The Practice Pattern and Operation Effect

"示范"是新农村建设的一种重要机制,是政策过程、经济过程和社会过程的结合体。研究表明:在新农村建设中"示范"的实践模式分为政府主导型和社会自发型两大类;"示范"模式的运行效果不尽相同,产生了正反两方面的示范效应;示范内容属性、社会系统性质、传播渠道、时间和空间等因素显著影响了新农村建设中"示范"的运行效果,应从实践模式的有效互补、增强示范经验与接受方的匹配度与兼容性、充分整合利用传播渠道增强扩散效果、把握时空维度上运行规律等方面促进"示范"的有效运行。

As an important mechanism in new countryside construction,demonstration is the combination of policy process,economic process and social process.The study shows that the practice pattern of demonstration in new countryside construction can be divided into two categories：the government-dominating model and the socialspontaneous model.The effect of the demonstration models which bring about both positive and negative demonstration effect are different;The factors of demonstrated content attribute,nature of social system,spreading channel,time and space and so forth have an big impact on the operating effect of demonstration in new countryside construction.We should promote the effective operating of demonstration from the following aspects：the effective complementation of the practice pattern,the enhancement of the matched-degree and the compatibility between demonstrated experience and accepter,the sufficient integration of the spreading channel＇s spreading effects and the grasp of the operating rule in time-space dimension.