资本下乡对灾害移民生计的影响——以邛崃市南宝山安置点为个案

Capital Resources to the Countryside Influence on Disaster Immigrants' Livelihood in Nanbaoshan Settlement of Qionglai City

灾害移民作为一个具有生存性和发展性双重性质的群体,能否获取充足的土地等发展资源直接关系到灾后生计的恢复及其今后的生存与发展。处在社会转型期的中国,土地与资本相结合是不可避免的,以土地流转为媒介的资本进入农业领域,必然会对灾害移民的生计产生影响。文章以灾害移民为研究视角,选取邛崃市南宝山安置点为调查点,基于DFID可持续生计分析框架,从人力资本、社会资本、自然资本、金融资本与物质资本五个方面来分析以不同流转模式进入农业领域的资本下乡对灾害移民生计的影响。研究显示:"公司+农户"的形式比出租土地的流转模式更适合,资本下乡对灾害移民金融资本、人力资本与社会资本的影响显著,灾害移民就业多样化、收入多元化日趋明显,新型社会关系网络逐渐形成,生活方式趋向城镇化。

As a survival and development of the dual nature of the group, disaster migration can be obtain the adequate de- velopment of land and other resources directly related to livelihood＇ recovery after disaster and its survival and development of future. In the period of social transition of China, the combination of land and capital is inevitable, land circulation as a me- dium of capital into the agricultural sector, will inevitably have an impact on disaster immigrants＇ livelihood. In this paper, as a research perspective of disaster migration, selected Nanbaoshan Settlement of Qionglai City for investigation, based on DFID the analysis framework of sustainable livelihoods, from the five aspects of human capital, social capital, natural capital, financial capital and material capital to analyze capital by the different circulation forms into agricultural domain to influence on disaster immigrants＇livelihood. The research showed： ＂company ＋ farmers＂ pattern is more suitable than rent land of flow pattern, capital resources to the countryside influence on disaster migration of financial capital, human capital and social cap- ital significantly, disaster migration＇ s employment diversification, income pluralism is increasingly apparent, the new social relationship network have evolved, lifestyle trend of urbanization.