环境污染的治理路径与可持续增长:“末端治理”还是“源头控制”?

Environmental Pollution,Abatement Path and Sustainable Growth:“End-of-Pipe Control” or “Source Control”?

环境治理有两种不同的思路:"末端治理"和"源头控制"。本文将人力资本积累因素引入Stokey-Aghion-孙模型,考察了两种不同治理思路下的长期经济增长路径,探讨了地方政府在现行考核机制下的策略行为,解释了我国环境状况持续恶化的根本原因,并运用我国2003-2012年的省级面板数据进行了实证检验。研究结果表明:"晋升锦标赛"体制下,受任期制约束的政府官员偏好"末端治理"方式。而长时间维持环境保护法的基本标准不变,持续增加污染治理费用的"末端治理"思路并不可行,只有从源头上不断提高环保标准及执行力度,才能促使企业创新和使用清洁技术,实现环境保护和经济发展"双赢"的局面。

There are two methods in pollution abatement ： ＂End - of - Pipe Control＂ and ＂Source Control＂. In this paper, the factor of human capital accumulation is introduced into the Stokey - Aghion- GangSun model, we analyze the key factors which lead to the continued deterioration of environmental conditions in China, and explore the strategic behavior of local governments under the existing assessment mechanisms, as well as investigate two different long -run growth paths in the case of two different methods in pollution abatement and verify the theoretical model according to Chinese panel data from 2003 to 2012. We have the following findings： Under the ＂promotion tournament＂ system, government officials who are restricted by the tenure prefer to ＂end -ofpipe＂ approach. The way to maintain the same standard specified by the existing Environmental Protection Act is infeasible, and only by improving environmental standard to encourage the enterprises to innovate and use clean technology, we may achieve the ＂win - win＂ goal of economic growth and environmental protection.