银杏花粉中核苷、氨基酸及无机元素的成分分析

Component analysis of nucleosides, amino acids, and mineral elements in pollen of Gingko biloba

目的对银杏花粉中核苷类、氨基酸类及无机元素进行分析评价,为银杏花粉资源的综合利用提供科学依据。方法采用UPLC-TQ/MS技术测定银杏花粉中核苷类和游离氨基酸类成分,采用ICP-AES测定银杏花粉中的无机元素的量。结果测定了银杏花粉中甲硫氨酸、天冬氨酸等24种游离氨基酸,总量高达62.316 mg/g,游离的必需氨基酸苏氨酸、赖氨酸等共6.23 mg/g,其中天冬氨酸量高达17.11 mg/g,也检测到含有少量牛磺酸0.24 mg/g。核苷类成分分析表明,银杏花粉中含有16种核苷,其中以尿苷量最高为251.99μg/g,其他普遍较低。元素分析结果表明,银杏花粉中K的量最高26.301 mg/g,其次Ca、Fe、Mg量依次为7.076、2.545、5.361 mg/g。As、Cd等重金属元素未检测到。结论基于核苷、氨基酸和矿物质元素的分析结果,银杏花粉可开发为氨基酸补充剂,为银杏花粉资源的开发利用提供科学依据。

Objective To analyze the nutritional ingredient in the pollen of Gingko biloba and provide the theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization of pollen of G. biloba. Methods The nucleosides and dissociative amino acids in the pollen of G. biloba were detected by UPLC-TQM. The content of nucleos：ides in pollen of G. biloba was calculated with the help of UPLC-TQ/MS, and the mineral elements in the pollen of G biloba were determined by ICP-AES. Results In pollen of G. biloba there were 24 abundant dissociative amino acids accounting for 62.316 mg/g totally. In this number, dissociative essential amino acids accounted for 6.23 mg/g with the highest content of 17.11 mg/g aspartic acid （ASP）. Meanwhile, a small quantity oftaurine, approximately 0.24 mg/g, has been tested out. Furthermore, there were 16 kinds ofnucleosides in the pollen of G biloba. Among those nucleosides, guanosine made up for the highest percent w!th 251.99 μg/g while other nucleosides accounted for a low percent. In pollen of G biloba, K is the most abundant with 26.301 mg/g, followed by Ca with 7.076 mg/g, Mg with 5.361 mg/g, and Fe with 2.545 mg/g. As to the heavy mental elements, as and Cd were not found in it. Conclusion From above analysis, pollen of G biloba can provide the theoretical basis for the development of health-care food with pollen of G. biloba.