5种黄秋葵籽油的理化特性及脂肪酸组成比较研究!

Comparison of five kinds of okra seed oils in physicochemical property and fatty acid composition

以浏阳本地种、台湾五福、绿五星、早生五角、红秋葵5个品种的黄秋葵籽为原料,采用索氏抽提法提取黄秋葵籽油,并对其理化特性及脂肪酸组成进行分析比较。结果表明：5个品种的黄秋葵籽含油率在16.18%~20.26%之间,品种间存在一定差异,早生五角的最高;从5种黄秋葵籽油中均检测出14种脂肪酸,以亚油酸、油酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸为主,相对含量分别在29.60%~33.44%、30.56%~34.18%、28.58%~29.24%、3.94%~4.20%之间,早生五角的亚油酸含量最高;不同品种的黄秋葵籽油的饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸构成比例均接近1∶1∶1理想模式,且同一脂肪酸的相对含量差异很小。

With five kinds of okra seeds （Liuyang, Taiwan Wufu, Luwuxing, Zaoshengwujiao, Hibiscus coccineus） as raw materials, okra seed oils were extracted by Soxhlet extraction, and the fatty acid compositions and physicochemical properties of five kinds of okra seed oils were determined and compared. The results showed that the oil content of five kinds of mature okra seeds was in the range of 16.18% - 20.26%, and there were some differences in varieties, Zaoshengwujiao being the highest. Fourteen kinds of fatty acids were detected from all the five kinds of okra seed oils, which were mainly composed of linoleic acid （29.60% -33.44% ） , oleic acid （30.56% -34.18% ） , palmitic acid （28.58% -29.24% ） and stearic acid （3.94% -4.20% ）, especially the linoleic acid content of Zaoshengwujiao was the highest. The proportions of saturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids to polyunsaturated fatty acids of okra seed oils of different varieties were all close to 1 ： 1 ： 1, and the relative content of the same fatty acid had small differences.