紫椴花的化学成分研究

Chemical constituents from inflorescences of Tilia amurensis

目的研究椴树科椴树属植物紫椴Tilia amurensis Rupr.干燥花序的化学成分。方法采用硅胶、ODS、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱及制备HPLC等方法进行分离,采用理化分析及NMR、MS等波谱学方法鉴定化合物结构。结果从紫椴花70%乙醇提取物醋酸乙酯部位分离得到14个化合物,分别鉴定为蒙花苷（1）、异槲皮苷（2）、槲皮素（3）、紫云英苷（4）、银椴苷（5）、5,7,4′-三羟基-3′-甲氧基异黄酮（6）、香豌豆酚（7）、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷（8）、木栓酮（9）、β-谷甾醇（10）、原儿茶酸（11）、茶碱（12）、咖啡因（13）、棕榈醇（14）。结论化合物1~5、7、8、10~12为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物7为首次从椴树属植物中分离得到。

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the inflorescences of Tilia amurensis. Methods The chemical constituents were separated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS column chromatographies, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were determined by physicochemical properties and spectral data. Results Fourteen compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of 70% ethanol extract in the inflorescences of T. amurensis, and identified as linarin（1）, soquercitrin（2）, quercetin（3）, astragalin（4）, tiliroside（5）, 5, 7, 4′-trihydroxy-3′-methoxy isoflavone（6）, orobol（7）, quercetin-3-O-α-Larabinopyranoside（8）, friedelin（9）, β-sitosterol（10）, protocatechuic acid（11）, theophylline（12）, caffeine（13）, and palm alcohol（14）. Conclusion Compounds 1—5, 7, 8, and 10—12 are isolated from this plant for the first time, and compound 7 is found in the plants of Tilia Linn. for the first time.