用于水厂微水头发电的灯泡贯流式水轮机开发

Development of bulb tubular turbine used in micro-waterhead hydropower generation in Water Plants

在自来水供水过程中,存在着一些依靠水位差进行自流供水的环节。随着常规水能资源逐渐被开发殆尽,利用这部分微水头进行发电受到了关注。由于水厂工况基本不变、装置场地复杂多样等原因,常规水轮机并不适用,因此,开发新型水轮机就势在必行。结合某自来水厂安装灯泡贯流式水轮机进行发电的案例,通过传统水轮机设计理论对其进行设计,并运用计算流体动力学软件,选择SIMPLEC算法,采用基于雷诺平均N-S方程的Spalart-Allmaras湍流模型对该水轮机进行数值模拟和优化,得出在不影响水厂原有水处理工艺的前提下,在水厂安装水轮发电机组利用微水头进行发电从而达到节能减排目的的较优方案。

During the water supply process,there are some certain conduits in which water are driven by natural water head difference.With the gradual depletion of conventional hydropower resources,more and more attention has been paid to the previously neglected micro-waterhead hydropower generation.Given the fact that the working condition is relatively stable and the situation of the installation site is complicated,the conventional hydraulic turbines may not be applicable,thus development of new types of turbines that suit the requirements of power generation in water plants is needed.In this paper,a bulb tubular turbine was developed for the hydropower generation in a water plant.The conventional theory of turbine design was used to design the new turbine.The numerical simulation and optimization of the bulb tubular turbine were performed using the computational fluid dynamics software,the SIMPLEC algorithm,and the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model based on the Reynolds time-averaged N-S equations.A better design of micro-waterhead hydropower generation in water plants was proposed in order to achieve the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction without posing any threat to the safety and reliability of previous water treatment process.