义乌市2012年疑似预防接种异常反应监测情况分析

A review of the monitored data of 'adverse events following immunization' taking place in Yiwu city in 2012

目的分析2012年义乌市疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)的监测资料,评价AEFI监测系统运行状况,探讨监测中可能存在的问题。方法采用描述性流行病学方法分析2012年义乌市AEFI监测资料。结果 2012年义乌市AEFI监测系统共报告病例54例,其中一般反应21例(38.89%),异常反应29例(53.70%),偶合症4例(7.41%)。AEFI总报告发生率为6.59人次/10万剂;48 h报告及时率及调查率均为100%。病例报告数较多的是百白破疫苗(10例)和麻风疫苗(6例),而报告发生率较高的为乙脑(灭活)疫苗(124.44人次/10万剂)、流脑A+C结合疫苗(98.89人次/10万剂)及7价肺炎疫苗(40.05人次/10万剂)。结论 2012年义乌市AEFI监测系统总体运转情况良好。但由于多种因素的影响,异常反应的报告比重大于一般反应,部分二类疫苗的报告发生率也较高,提示需强化人员监测意识,提高监测敏感性。

Objective To analyze the monitored data of ‘adverse events following immunization（ AEFI） taking place in Yiwu city during 2012 so as to test the performance of the AEFI monitoring system and identify possible problem（s） therein.Method The monitored data of AEFI taking place in Yiwu during 2012 were collected with descriptive epidemiological method. Findings 54 AEFI cases were reported in Yiwu during 2012,including 21 cases with general vaccine reaction（38.89%）,29 cases with abnormal vaccine reaction（53. 70%）,and 4 cases with coincidental event（7. 41%）. The incidence rate of AEFI was 6. 59 people /100000. The reported and investigated rates within 48 h were 100%. The most reported vaccines were DPT vaccine（10 cases） and MR vaccine（6 cases）,and the vaccines with the highest incidence reported were JE-i（124. 44 people /100000）,Men-AC conjugate vaccine（98. 89 people /100000） and Pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine（40. 05 people /100000）. 19 cases were diagnosed as fever /local swelling /induration（35. 19%） and 17 cases were diagnosed as anaphylactic rash（31. 48%） in 54 cases AEFI. Conclusion The AEFI monitoring system of Yiwu was found to operate normally. However,because of many factors,more abnormal vaccine reaction cases were reported than the general vaccine reaction,and some category B vaccines had a higher reported incidence.