四库馆臣所言《大学衍义》成书时间申论

On Secretaries of Institute of Siku's Idea of When Daxueyanyi Was finished

《大学衍义》是南宋著名理学家真德秀编纂的一部重要理学著作,但其成书时间却有三种不同说法,其中以四库馆臣提出的宋理宗绍定二年说最为可信,但馆臣未深入论说,故申论之以辨是非。从本证而言,《〈大学衍义〉序》成于绍定二年(1229),且该序提到《大学衍义》的结构内容在后来没有发生变化,这说明《大学衍义》在绍定二年时已经成书;从旁证而论,真德秀《跋吴仲坚史论》证明《大学衍义》开始编纂于宋宁宗嘉定十五年,又《大学衍义》编纂了八年,由此往下推正是绍定二年。另外,孙先英《〈大学衍义〉成书时间及版本考述》一文对绍定二年说提出了四条反驳理由,经辨析,其反驳理由均不成立,故《大学衍义》成书于绍定二年应无疑问。

Daxueyanyi is a significant work of Confucian idealism compiled by ZHEN De-xiu, the famous Confucian idealist of the Southern Song dynasty. However, as to when it was finished, there are three versions among which the book was finished in the second year of Shaoding （1229） in the reign of Emperor of Lizong, i.e., the version of secretaries of Institute of Siku, is the most reliable. Since there is no detailed record on this version, this paper elaborates on this problem. The main evidence shows that the Preface of Daxueyanyi was finished in 1229 in which the author mentioned that the content and struc- ture was not further revised. It proves that Daxueyanyi has already been finished in 1229. The side evi- dence shows that in Postscript of Wu Zhongjian＇s Historical Essays, ZHEN De-xiu mentioned that the compiling of Daxueyanyi started from the 15th year of Jiading in the reign of Emperor of Ningzong, and it took 8 years to finish the book. Thus, the book should be finished in 1229. Moreover, although SUN Xian-ying offered four excuses against the author＇ s belief in his ＂On When Daxueyanyi Was finished and Its Versions＂, they were all proved to be inconsistent by the author. In all, there is no doubt that Daxueyanyi was finished in 1229.