关陇集团形成原因的一点新认识——从宇文泰称霸关陇与武川镇豪帅之关系谈起

A New Understanding on the Formation of Guanlong Group

宇文泰被贺拔岳军中武川镇豪帅拥立为首领,并不是因为他们之间的同乡关系,而是宇文泰具有贺拔岳军中诸将无法比拟的威望、军事政治才能和在关陇地区的政治影响力。贺拔胜等武川镇豪帅西返关中,是宇文泰为维护关陇统帅地位、与梁武帝进行政治交易的结果。宇文泰在称霸关陇的过程中,出于维护自身地位、防止武川镇豪帅结为派系而难以驾驭的考虑,对其群体采取了利用、限制、打压、分化的政治策略,使武川镇豪帅在日后的关陇集团中仅是统军作战、没有派系和军事实力依托的将领群体而已。

YUWEN Tai was promoted as the leader in HEBA Yue＇ s army by the barons not because of their fellow relationship, but due to YUWEN＇ s incomparable prestige, military and political talents as well as his political influence in Guanlong region. The coming back to the west of HEBA Sheng and other barons of Wuchuan towns is to maintain YUWEN Tai＇ s commander position in Guanlong and thus be- lieved to be a political transaction with Emperor Wu. During his process of being the dominator of Guan- long, to maintain his status and prevent the barons of Wuchuan towns from forming cliques and factions, YUWEN Tai used, limited, suppressed and differentiated the barons and finally turned them into a mili- tary leaders＇ group which only led troops to fight but had no factions or substantial military force.