我国区域能源效率的空间溢出效应研究

The Spatial Spillover Effect of China's Regional Energy Efficiency

本文利用数据包络方法对1997—2009年我国30个省市的能源效率进行了测算,在此基础上运用空间计量经济学模型研究了能源效率的空间溢出效应。研究结果表明,我国区域能源效率具有明显的空间溢出作用,并且这种空间溢出作用在逐渐增强,同时,产业结构、能源价格和技术进步对能源效率的提升具有显著的影响,第二产业比重增加会抑制能源效率的提升,能源价格和技术进步对能源效率的提升有显著的积极作用,而能源结构的影响则不显著。

Energy constraint problems emerge from the rapid growth of global economic and industrialization.Many countries focus on energy efficiency in their economic development and energy policies.The existing research studies factor associated with regional energy efficiency according to time variable.However,these studies did not examine any interaction between different regions.Advanced technology enables countries to easily communicate with each other.A close relationship between countries can help improve regional energy efficiency.This paper analyzes the spatial effect of energy efficiency by using spatial regression models.Firstly,energy efficiency has a spatial spillover effect.That means regions with high energy efficiency would be more likely to collaborate with each other.Several factors could account for this spatial spillover effect.In order to achieve the goal of energy saving and emission reduction,governments improve their energy efficiency by formulating neighborhood imitation policies so that neighboring countries can learn from each other.Secondly,industrial structure,energy prices,energy structure,and technological progress have significant effect on improving energy efficiency.Industrial structure reverses energy efficiency.The industry which has high energy-consumption feature in the industrialization process can lead to low region energy efficiency.Energy prices also has a significant effect on what consumers would do in order to improve the efficiency of energy.The effect of energy structure is not significant.The negative coefficient means that enhancing the proportion of coal consumption could decrease energy efficiency.Technological progress has significant effect on the improvement of energy consumption.The improvement of energy efficiency and technological progress are closely related to each other.The invention and innovation of new technology could not only improve the regional technical level efficiently but also offer better technical support.Our empirical results show that energy conservation and emission reduction can be achieved from four perspectives.Firstly,strengthening regional cooperation,especially for the area that has higher energy efficiency level to implement the ＂rich neighbor＂ policy,also needs to consider geography,population,industry,resources,and other factors.For the area that has low energy efficiency we should adopt certain preferential policies in education,science,and technology areas in order to improve the efficiency of energy consumption.Secondly,it is important to speed up the industrial structure adjustment and upgrade,and continuously optimize the industrial and product structure of the heavy chemical industry.The proportion of modem service and new technology industries should be increased in order to increase energy efficiency.Thirdly,the energy price market reform should be executed in order to increase energy relative price,thereby promoting the improvement of the energy efficiency.Fourthly,investing more in energy saving and new energy can effectively improve energy efficiency.