西家人7项不对称行为特征的研究

Study of seven behavioral traits of lateral functional dominance in Xijia people

目的：了解西家人不对称行为特征的分布情况,籍以丰富和积累国人体质人类学和群体遗传学研究资料.方法：采用学术界公认的群体遗传学调查方法,遵循整群随机抽样原则,对432名（男212,女220）生活在贵州的西家人7项不对称行为特征（扣手、利手、利足、利眼、叠臂、叠腿、起步类型）进行活体观察.调查对象年龄7 -55岁,三代均西家人.结果：（1）7项不对称行为特征的出现率右型高于左型,利眼、叠臂和叠腿右型出现率存在性别差异（P ＜0.05或P＜0.01）;（2）扣手与利眼、扣手与起步类型、利手与叠臂、利足与起步类型、利眼与起步类型之间存在遗传关联性（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）;（3）与我国其他21个民族群体7项不对称行为特征聚类分析的结果显示：西家人与贵州亻革家人、汉族和畲族最为接近.结论：西家人7项不对称行为特征以右型多见,特征间遗传关联性较小.

Objective： To understand the distributive characteristics of behavioral traits of lateral functional dominance in Xijia people,and to collect a wealth of data for the study of physical anthropology and human population genetics. Methods： A total in July 2013,a sample of 432 cases（ 212 males,220 females） of Xijia people living in Longchang town of Kaili city in Guizhou（ 212 males,220 females） aged 7- 55 years old was were investigated on for the seven behavioral traits of lateral functional dominance（ hand clasping,handedness,foot preference,eye preference,arm folding,leg folding and stride type） of Xijia people living in Longchang town of Kaili city in Guizhou. Parents,grandparents and maternal grandparents were studied.Results：（ 1） The frequencies of right type on the seven traits in Xijia people were much higher than that of left type,there was no sexual difference in Xijia people on the seven traits except eye preference,arm folding and leg folding;（ 2） There was significant correlation among hand clasping and eye preference,hand clasping and stride type,handedness and arm folding,foot preference and stride type,eye preference and stride type（ P〈0. 05 or P 〈0. 01）.（ 3） On the basis of the dendrogram of Xijia people and other 21 ethnic populations in China,the behavioral traits of lateral functional dominance of Xijia people was most closely related to the Gejia,Han and Shes in Guizhou. Conclusion： The seven behavioral traits of lateral functional dominance in Xijia people belonged to the right type and a few correlations are were found among the traits in Xijia people.