雅各宾派与苏俄政府的战时政策比较

Comparative Study of the War Policy of Jacobins and Soviet Government

革命力量在推翻旧势力统治的同时,客观上也会引起反动力量的反扑、报复。法国资产阶级革命和苏维埃社会主义革命的初期,雅各宾派和苏俄政府都采取了一些"战时政策",即雅各宾派的经济恐怖、政治恐怖和全民皆兵政策,苏俄的义务兵役制和战时共产主义政策。这些"战时政策"在对革命起到促进作用的同时,也产生了诸如热月政变和克琅施塔得海军基地兵变的负面影响。二者进行比较,对我们今天在尊重客观规律的基础上发挥主观能动性,坚持前进性和曲折性相统一的方针,制定和执行符合阶级主体利益的政策有着重要的意义。

Revolutiorrary forces, in the process of overthrowing the rule of the old forces, are at the same time faced with the emerging of kickbacks and revenges from the reactionary forces. During the French bourgeois revolution and the beginning stage of the Soviet sociali.st revolution, Jacobins and Soviet government had both adopted ＂wartime policy＂, which mainly included the Jacobins＇ economic, political horror and universal soldier policy, Russia＇ s military conscription and wartime communist policy. Such ＂wartime policies＂, while having played a promoting role, also produced unfavorable consequences such as Thermidor coup and g post tower to naval base mutiny. A comparative study of the two can have an important reference meaning for today＇ s government to play subjective initiative on the basis of respecting objective laws, insist on the policy of advancement coupled with Setbacks, develop and implement policies in accordance with the interests of the dominant class.