对政治的惧怕和躲避:余秋雨文化散文论析

Fear and Elusion Politics: YU Qiuyu and His Cultural Prose

对于余秋雨的散文,除了以往许多论者从文学本身的意义去阐释之外,还可以从它与政治的关系上去认识。余秋雨在"文革"中的经历,使他对政治产生了惧怕的心理。因为惧怕,所以躲避,但却又无法躲避,所以他的内心一直忐忑。正是这一心态,促成了他对"文化散文"这一具有新意的体式的创造,即一方面以具有政治色彩的文化古迹和历史上的文化人物、文化事件作为记述和描写的对象,另一方面又注重抒写自己的文化感悟,而不明显地发表自己的政治见解,从而使他的文化散文显现出和政治若即若离的面貌。而这一面貌却是文学正常的状态,余秋雨对政治的若即若离的心态,也是作家、艺术家正常的心态。

YU Qiuyu＇s prose can be cognized from the relation between politics and the prose itself except for the interpretation made by many previous theorists about the meaning of literature itself .The experience of the ＂cul-tural revolution＂brought him the psychological fear of politics .Because of fear , he chose to elude , but failed . Therefore , the uneasiness has been lingering in his mind , which helps to bring about new form of creation in his cultural proses .On the one hand he takes political cultural relics and historical cultural characters and events as narrated and described objects , and on the other hand , he pays attention to describing his own cultural inspira-tion without obviously expressing his own political view , which makes his prose appear to be kept at an arm＇s length of politics .This is actually the normal status of literature .The psychology of this is also a normal state of mind for writers and artists .