我国超市农业发展中存在的问题及对策思考

On the Problems and Countermeasures of the Development of Supermarket Agriculture in China

我国农产品生产已从单一的产量约束转变为资源、市场、环境以及安全等多重约束。传统农贸市场在化解多重约束方面显得无所适从。与社会发展新阶段匹配性更强的超市农业逐步替代传统市场将是必然。分析了发展超市农业的积极作用,探讨了制约我国超市农业发展的不平等竞争环境、农产品经营盈利艰难、传统农户经营理念滞后、农业组织化水平低下以及农村物流基础设施落后和地方保护主义盛行等不利因素,从推进"农改超"工程、加大支持力度、建设新型农业经营主体、提高组织化水平、改造物流基础设施、开放区域市场等角度提出了相应发展对策。

The constraint factor of agricultural production in China has been transformed from the single output to the multiple elements such as resources, market, environment, security and so on, while the traditional free market seems confused in terms of resolving multiple constraints. It is inevitable that the traditional market will be gradually replaced by the Supermarket Agriculture which matches better with the new phrase of the social development. The paper analyzes the positive role of the development of Supermarket Agriculture in China, as well as the negative factors, such as unequal competition environment, very little profit of agricultural products, backward traditional management concepts, low agricultural organization level, backward rural logistics and local protectionism. The corresponding de- velopment countermeasures are put forward such as promoting the project, increasing the intensity of support, constructing new agricultural management operator, improving the level of organization, reforming logistics infrastructure, and opening regional market etc.