中英城乡结合部社区案例的经济与社会转型比较——以诺丁汉比斯顿和漳州大径社区为例

Case Study on Economic and Social Transformation of Rural-Urban Fringe in China and the UK by Comparison Between Beeston in Nottingham and Dajing in Zhangzhou

英国城乡结合部的城市化历经了200余年的不断发展和完善,在推动产业发展、引导社会健康过渡、保障社会成员利益等方面积累了丰富经验。转型后的英国城乡结合部与中心城区也有所不同,表现为"社区城市化"。虽然英国和中国的城乡结合部在成因、发展背景和历程等方面存在差异,但在方法、开发方式及模式上取得的成功经验仍值得我们借鉴。本文在中英两地选取了地理位置、外部条件、初期规模相似的诺丁汉比斯顿和漳州大径两个社区作案例,在发展阶段或目标、转型期产业发展、社会管理组织等方面进行了比较,旨在取精弃粕地汲取英国经验,对我国新型城镇化时期城乡结合部发展有所借鉴和启示。

After more than 200 years of continuous improvement, the development of rural-urban fringe in the UK has a lot of successful experience in promoting industrial development, establishing healthy social communities and protecting the social benefit of all members. However, these areas should not be regarded as new city centres. There are clear differences between the central areas of the cities and the rural-urban fringe which performs as ＂community urbanization＂. Although the transformation of rural-urban fringe in the UK is different from that in China in causes and historical background, the successful experience in methods, development approaches and models is worthy of reference. Two communities （Beeston in Nottingham and Dajing in Zhaugzhou）, which have similar locations, external conditions and initial sizes, are compared in several aspects： the development stages or goals, the transition of industrial development, the social management and organizations. The paper aims to learn successful experiences from the UK and to gain the inspiration for the rural-urban fringe in China in the new era of urbanization.