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Experimental Method for Measuring Non-toilet Mountaineer's Excrement

Experimental Method for Measuring Non-toilet Mountaineer's Excrement
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作者 Michal Apollo
机构地区 Institute of Geography
出处 《Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A)》 2014年第2期123-129,共7页 环境科学与工程(A)
关键词 排泄物 厕所 测量 平均年龄 验方 平均停留时间 高山环境 登山 Mountain environment, human excrements, climbing management, Denali.
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参考文献21

  • 1Liddle, M. 1997. Recreation Ecology." The Ecological Impact of Outdoor Recreation and Ecotourism. London: Chapman and Hall.
  • 2Temple, K., Camper, A., and Lucas, R. 1982. "Potential Health Hazard from Human Wastes in Wilderness." Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 37 (6): 357-9.
  • 3Mieczkowski, Z. 1995. Environmental Issues of Tourism and Recreation. Lanham" University Press of America Inc.
  • 4Apollo, M. Forthcoming. "Climbing as a Kind of Human Impact on the High Mountain Environment--Based on the Selected Peaks of Seven Summits." Journal of Selcuk University Natural and Applied Science.
  • 5Apollo, M. Forthcoming. "Non-toilet Human Waste Disposal on Mountain Ecosystem--Based on Selected Peaks of the Seven Summits." Praee Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego.
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  • 7McLaughlin, J. B. 2002. "Gastroenteritis Outbreak among Mountaineers Climbing the West Buttress Route of Denali--Denali National Park, Alaska." Wilderness and Environmental Medicine | 6: 92-6.
  • 8Goodwin, K., Loso, M. G., and Braun, M. 2012. "Glacial Transport of Human Waste and Survival of Fecal Bacteria on Mt. McKinley's Kahiltna Glacier, Denali National Park, Alaska." Aretie, Antarctic, and Alpine Research 44 (4): 432-45.
  • 9Kedrowski, J. J. 2009. Climber's Perceptions on Denali (Mount McKinley): Climber Demographics, Hazards, and Crowding Concerns. Denali National Park Investigator's Annual Report OMB, Department of the Interior.
  • 10Luks, A. M., Mclntosh, S. E., Grissom, C. K., Auerbach, P. S., Rodway, G. W., Schoene, R. B., Zafren, K., and Hackett, P. H. 2010. "Wilderness Medical Society Consensus Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Acute Altitude Illness." Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 21 (2): 146-55.

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