固定液保存对粘孢子虫形态的影响

Effects of fixative conservation on dimensions of Myxosporea

【目的】探讨固定液对粘孢子虫形态的影响,确定统一的形态学测量条件,提高粘孢子虫分类鉴定的正确性。【方法】比较以0.9%生理盐水、蒸馏水制作水浸片及2.5%戊二醛、10%福尔马林、100%酒精、Bouin氏液、Carnoy氏液、Dafano氏液、Müller氏液、Schaudinn氏液等8种固定液保存24 h和30 d后武汉单极虫(Thelohanellus wuhanensis)与咽碘泡虫(Myxoboluspharynae)的形态变化,测量指标包括孢子长、孢子宽、孢子厚、极囊长和极囊宽。【结果】以0.9%生理盐水制作水浸片对武汉单极虫与咽碘泡虫的孢子长、孢子宽、孢子厚、极囊长和极囊宽稍有变化,但差异不显著(P>0.05,下同);以蒸馏水制作水浸片,两种成熟孢子的孢子厚、极囊长和极囊宽显著膨胀(P<0.05,下同)。经8种固定液分别保存24h和30d后均会对两种粘孢子虫产生不同程度的影响,影响最大的是100%酒精,其总变化率高达8.38%和7.94%、9.05%和6.79%;2.5%戊二醛与10%福尔马林对粘孢子虫的收缩作用相对较小,保存24 h和30 d后的总变化率均小于3.00%,但对个别指标也会产生显著的收缩作用。【结论】经固定液保存后的粘孢子虫不适合作为形态学鉴定测量样品,实际生产中可采用新鲜成熟孢子与0.9%生理盐水制作孢子水浸片进行形态观察和测量。

[Objective ]The effects of fixative conservation on dimensions of Myxosporea were discussed to deter- mine standard measurement conditions and improve the accuracy of identifying Myxosporea. [ Method ] According to the statistical method, the effects of 0.9% saline solution, distilled water and eight kinds of fixative preserved for 24 h and 30 d on Thelobanellus wuhanensis and MyxoboIus pharynae were tasted. The eight kinds of fixative included 2.5% glutaraldehyde, 10% formalin, 100% alcohol , Bouin＇s liquid, Carnoy＇s liquid , Dafano＇s liquid , Muller＇s liquid and Schaudinn＇s liquid. Besides, the measurement indexes included spore length, spore width, spore thick- ness, polar capsule length and polar capsule width. [ Result ]0.9% saline group had slight influence on spore length, spore width, spore thickness, polar capsule length and polar capsule width of Thelohanellus wuhanensis and Myxobo- 1us pharynae. But the difference was not significant （P〉0.05, the same hereinafter）. While the control group had re- markable influence on polar capsule length and width of Thelohanellus wuhanensis and Myxobolus pharynae. （P〈0.05, the same hereinafter） All of eight kinds of stationary liquid preserved for 24 h and 30 d led to myxosporea shrinking at different levels, while 100% alcohol yielded the maximum contraction. The group shrinkage ratio of Thelohanellus wuhanensis and Myxobolus pharynae which used 100% alcohol preserved for 24 h was 8.38% and 9.05%, respec- tively, while the group shrinkage ratio of them which used 100% alcohol preserved for 30 d was 7.94% and 6.79%, respectively. Although 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 10% formalin had the lowest influence on myxosporea, both of them had a significant contraction effect on spore thickness and polar capsule. The shrinkage ratio of them was no more than 3.00%. [Conclusion]The myxosporea preserved by fixative cannot be used as measurement samples. Moreover, the fresh mature spores in 0.9% saline solution are appropriate for morphological identification.