先心性心脏病患儿手术中压疮危险因素分析及护理对策

Analysis of risk factors of pressure ulcer in children with congenital heart disease operation and nursing countermeasures

目的分析先天性心脏病患儿手术中压疮的危险因素,探讨有效预防和减少术中压疮护理方法。方法选取我院自2012年10月-2013年11月实行先天心脏病纠正术80例患儿的临床资料,将其作为观察组,选取同期行先天心脏病纠正术81例患儿作为对照组,对观察组制定手术室压疮管理制度,实施手术患儿危险评估并采取相应干预护理措施,与未实施危险评估及干预措施的对照组进行分析,比较两组压疮发生率,统计两组先心患儿年龄、手术时间、体位、温度、潮湿感觉等方面,对比分析其危险因素,总结先心患儿手术中预防压疮护理措施及要点。结果实施干预护理的观察组压疮率明显低于对照组的压疮率。年龄、体重、营养、潮湿等是先天性心脏病手术中发生压疮的高危因素。结论先心手术中急性压疮发生受多种危险因素影响,有针对性采取护理干预可减少乃至避免压疮。

Objective：To analyze the risk factors of pressure ulcer in children with congenital heart disease operation, and investigate the nursing methods to effectively prevent and reduce pressure ulcer in the operation. Methods 80 children patients with congenital heart disease operation from 2012 October to 2013 November in our hospital were analyzed retro-spectively. they were set as the observation group. 81 children patients in synchronization were set as the control group. The children patients in the observation group were cared by the operation room pressure ulcer management system. The risk assessment in operation and corresponding nursing intervention measures were implemented in the observation group. The control group only received routine nursing. The rate of pressure ulcer of two groups were compared,the age of children pa-tients,time of operation,temperature and humid feeling were analyzed,risk factors were studied. The preventive nursing measures and key points of operation of pressure ulcer in children with congenital heart disease were summarized. Result The rate of pressure ulcer of the observation group was significantly lower than the control group. The age of children pa-tients,time of operation,temperature and humid feeling were risk factors for children patients with congenital heart disease operation. Conclusion The pressure ulcer in children with congenital heart disease operation was effected by many risk fac-tors. In the actual operation,targeted nursing intervention for children patients should especially be strengthened to reduce or avoid the pressure ulcer.