天山一号冰川产淀粉酶酵母菌的筛选及其系统发育分析

Phylogenic Analysis of Cold-adapted Yeasts Producing Amylase from Permafrost of the Glacier No.1 in the Tianshan Mountains

[目的]筛选并分析天山一号冰川冰层产淀粉酶的低温酵母菌。[方法]对天山一号冰川冰层含冰冻土产低温淀粉酶的低温酵母菌菌株进行筛选、纯化,并对其生理多样性和系统发育多样性进行研究。[结果]从天山一号冰川冰层含冰冻土中分离出60株酵母菌,并从中筛选出6株产低温淀粉酶的菌株,根据细胞菌落形态、菌体特征和26S rDNA D1/D2区域序列系统发育分析,6株菌分别隶属于红酵母属（Rhodotorula）、隐球菌属（Cryptococcus）和掷孢酵母属（Sporobolomyces）,最适生长温度为20~24℃,为兼性耐冷细菌。[结论]研究可为了解冰川酵母菌的系统发育多样性以及低温淀粉酶的生物技术研发奠定基础。

[ Objective] To screen and analyze cold-adapted yeasts producing amylase from permafrost of the Glacier No. 1 in the Tianshan Mountains. [ Method] The screening and purification were conducted, physiological diversity and phylogenetic diversity were studied. [ Result] The cold-adapted amylase-producing strains of yeasts was isolated from permafrost of the Glacier No. 1 in the Tianshan Mountains. Among 60 selected and purified strains of yeasts, only 6 isolates were cold-adapted amylase-producing strains by using the screening media containing starch. Based on their phenotypes and 26S rDNA gene D1/D2 sequences, 6 cold-adapted amylase-producing strains of yeasts belonged to 3 genera Rhodotortda, Cryptococcus and Sporobolomyces. Six isolates producing amylase showed the optimal growth temperature ranging from 20 ℃ to 24 ℃, indicating that they were psyehrotrophic. [ Conclusion] The results enrich our knowledge on the phylogenetic and physiological diversity of cold-adapted strains of yeasts producing amylase in cold environments.