海洋渔业环境影响评价过程中的公众参与研究

Research on Public Participation in Marine Fishery Environmental Impact Assessment

以推进治理体系现代化为目的,通过对海洋渔业环境影响评价过程中公众参与问题的实地走访,从法律、主体、过程、信息等因素分析海洋渔业环境影响评价过程中公众参与存在的法律制度不完善、主体代表性不强、海洋意识薄弱、参与度不高;参与侧重末端参与、参与途径不健全、意见处理效力不高;信息公开力度不大,信息真实性有待核实等问题。要解决这些问题建议:(1)完善现存的法律制度,明确规定公众享有的环境知情权与参与权,同时建立相应的信息公开机制、司法保障机制和公民诉讼制度;(2)在参与主体的选择上,应以有关环境影响评价范围内直接受益者或受害者为主;(3)建议多种途径相融合,并且将公众参与贯穿于整个环境影响评价过程之中。

From aspects of the law, the main body, process and information, through site visiting, the following problems ： legal system is not perfect ; main representative is not strong, the ocean consciousness is weak, participation is not high ; participate in focusing on the end, the way of participation is not perfect, views on treatment effectiveness is not high; information publicity efforts is not big, to verify the authenticity of in- formation and so on, which are existing in the public participation in environmental impact assessment process, were analyzed in order to carry forward the modernization of the management system. To solve those problems, several suggestions were put forward ： perfect current legal system, establish corresponding information disclosure mechanism, judicial protection mechanism and civil lawsuit system; selection of participation main- body should be the direct beneficiaries or victims of environment impact evaluation ; combine a variety of ways, introduce public participation into the environmental impact assessment process.