光照对植物体内碳氮分配作用的机理研究进展

Advance of Studies on the Mechanism of Effect of Light on Carbon and Nitrogen Allocation in Plants

碳、氮同化能力以及碳、氮在体内的分配格局不仅决定着植物各器官的形态建成速度,而且与植物适应所生长的环境生态对策密切相关。碳、氮代谢是高度互作的,在植物体内分配是相互影响、相互制约,并处在动态变化中的,其分配比例受植物自身源库关系的密切影响。植物在变化光强下,产生了植物形态可塑性和生理可塑性的变化。植物对光能的利用与碳氮分配也有一定关系,光强变化通过碳氮分配,对光合作用产生了反馈调节,主要是通过影响光合作用、植物生长和氮素吸收而实现的。当碳同化和硝酸还原因竞争光反应产物而相互抑制,CO2同化加速又可产生较多的碳架,有利于氨基酸的合成。二者的矛盾统一于光强的调节。在分子水平上阐释光强变化对碳氮分配的调节,以及光强变化和碳氮分配关系的深层次机理,是未来应加强的研究方向。

The assimilation capacity and allocation pattern of carbon and nitrogen in plants not only determines the morphogenetic speed of different plant organs, but also closely related to the ecological strategy of the environment in which the plants grow. Carbon and nitrogen metabolism are highly interacted, and the allocation is highly interacted and mutually restraint, and in dynamic change, the allocation proportion is highly influenced by the sourcesink relationship of the plants. Changing light intensity results in the changes of morphological plasticity and physiological plasticity in plants. The utilization of light energy is also related to the carbon and nitrogen allocation in plants. Photosynthesis feedback regulation is resulted from changes in light intensity distribution through carbon and nitrogen allocation, mainly through influencing plant growth, photosynthesis and nitrogen assimilation. The explanation to the changes of carbon and nitrogen by the regulation of different light intensity at the molecular level, as well as the deep relationship between light intensity changes and the carbon and nitrogen allocation mechanism should be strengthened in the future research.