氮肥对大白菜生长及产量的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Chinese Cabbage

本试验采用双因素随机区组设计,研究了3个氮肥施用量(160 kg/hm2、320 kg/hm2和480 kg/hm2)对风抗78和金秋理想2个大白菜品种生长及产量的影响。结果表明:氮肥用量对大白菜株高、株幅、叶球纵径、叶球横径和根重有显著影响,对外叶长、外叶宽、中肋长、中肋厚无显著影响。株高、株幅、中肋厚、根重随施氮量的增加而增加,而外叶长、外叶宽、中肋长、叶球纵径、叶球横径随施氮量的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势。氮肥影响大白菜产量,随着施氮量的增加,其叶球质量、单株总质量、单产呈增加趋势,且差异显著。6个处理中,风抗78在氮肥施用量为480 kg/hm2时产量最高,为83 928.57 kg/hm2,其次为风抗78施用320 kg/hm2氮肥,产量为77 926.20 kg/hm2,且二者之间差异不显著。

Effects of nitrogen fertilizer （160 kg/ha, 320 kg/ha and 480 kg/ha） on growth and yield of Chinese cabbage were studied in this paper using randomized block design. Two Chinese cabbage cultivars, ＇Fengkang 78＇ and ＇ Jinqiulixiang＇, were used as materials. The results showed that nitrogen fertilizer rate significant influenced cabbage plant height, plant width, head length, head diameter and root weight. Leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, and petiole thickness were not influenced by nitrogen fertilizer rate. As the fertilizer rate increased, plant height, plant width, petiole thickness and root weight increased, while leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, head length, head diameter increased at first then decreased. Nitrogen fertilizer significantly affected Chinese cab- bage yield. Head weight, plant weight and yield improved as the nitrogen fertilizer rate increased. Among the six treatments, ＇Fengkang78＇ with 480 kg/hm2 nitrogen had the highest yield （83928.57 kg/ha）. The yield of ＇Fengkang78＇ with 320 kg/ha nitrogen took the second place, which was 77926.20 kg/ha. Moreover, there was no significant difference between the above two treatments.