季节冻土区跨流域调水工程明渠衬砌结构型式探讨

Lining structures for open canal of cross-basin water diversion works in seasonal frozen area

我国多年冻土和冬季冻土面积占国土面积的75%,其中冻结深度大于0.5m的地区约占全国总面积的一半。北方季节冻土区大多干旱缺水,修建跨流域调水工程是必然选择。我国已建和在建的跨流域调水工程绝大多数采用明渠输水方式,输水渠道是跨流域调水工程的重要组成部分,合理选择渠道衬砌型式,确保输水明渠边坡稳定,既是工程建设期决定投资的重要因素,更是制约工程建成后运行安全、工程维修养护费用的关键因素。首次将渠基划分为主冻胀区和副冻胀区,从季节冻土区明渠衬砌的工程实践方面探讨了构建季节冻土区柔性护坡的衬砌体系。

Multi-year frozen earth and winter frozen earth take 75% of the total land in China, and about half of which have a depth of frost penetration bigger than 0.5 m. In most seasonal frozen areas in the north, drought and scarcity often happens. Thus construction of cross-basin water diversion works becomes a necessity. In China, open canal is commonly adopted by the majority of cross-basin water diversion works, completed or under-construction. As the key part of cross-basin water diversion project, canal shall be the key factor for determining investment, as well as safe operation and cost of repair and maintenance after the completion of project. Hence the type of lining for water transfer canal must be selected rationally so as to ensure the stability of its slope. Canal foundation is divided into major frozen area and side frozen area. Lining with soft revetment for open canal in seasonal frozen area is introduced from the aspect of practice.