客车侧翻中的车身骨架刚度匹配研究

Study on stiffness matching design of body frame in bus rollover

提出刚度匹配方法进行客车侧翻安全性结构设计(Rollover-Stiffness Matching Design,R-SMD),使得客车能够满足客车上结构强度法规要求。在研究中总结了客车耐侧翻碰撞的相关理论,并提出了客车侧翻安全设计中的刚度匹配具体改进建议。为了验证其正确性,建立了客车中段骨架刚度匹配优化有限元模型并进行了试验,结果表明经过合理刚度匹配后侧立柱的碰撞变形量和变形模式都有了较为显著的改善,满足了ECE R66侧翻安全法规要求,可以在生产实际中为大客车的侧翻安全性设计提供有益借鉴。

This paper studies safety structure design of bus rollover by utilizing the method of stiffness matching, which can make buses fulfill the strength requirements of ECE R66 regula- tions to the superstructure. Associated collision theories on bus rollover-resistance are summarized, and specific improvement measures on stiffness matching design of body frame in bus rollover are proposed. In order to verify its correctness, an opti- mization model of a bus middle body frame based on stiffness matching is built and has a test in this study. The results demon- strate that the crash deformation and deform modes of side pillars are perfected greatly after the rational stiffness matching, which fulfills ECE R66 rollover safety regulation and can offer guidance for rollover safety design in bus manufacturing.