家庭环境及家庭功能与儿童哮喘自我管理水平的相关性研究

The impact of family environment and family functioning on asthma control in children

目的 探析家庭环境与家庭功能对儿童哮喘控制水平的影响。方法 采用家庭环境量表（FES-CV）、家庭功能量表（FAD）和儿童哮喘测试控制问卷（C-ACT）对120例4-11岁的哮喘患儿及其父母进行评估。根据C-ACT得分将哮喘患儿分为完全控制组（≥23分）29例、部分控制组（20~22分）31例和未控制组（≤19分）60例。对3组哮喘患儿家庭环境和家庭功能情况进行比较,并对FES-CV、FAD得分与C-ACT得分做相关性分析。结果 结果显示,除成功性因子外,3组哮喘患儿之间的FES-CV及FAD各因子得分,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;与部分控制组和未控制组相比,完全控制组的哮喘患儿其家庭环境和家庭功能较好,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论 家庭功能及家庭环境与儿童哮喘自我管理水平具有密切关系,医护人员在对哮喘患儿进行相关治疗管理时,应帮助指导家长提高家庭功能和改善家庭环境。

Objective To investigate the impact of family environment and family functioning on asthma control in children. Methods Totally 120 asthma children and their parents were investigated with the Chinese version of Family Environment 5eale（FES-CV）, Family Assessment Device（FAD） and Childhood Asthma Control Questionnaire （C-ACT）. The children were divided into three groups according to C-ACT score： completely controlled group（≥23） in 29 cases, partly controlled group （20-22） in 31 cases and uncontrolled group（≤19） in 60 cases. Results Besides the factor score of achievenment orientation,the other factor scores of FES-CV and FAD were significantly different among the three groups（P〈0.01）. Family environment and family functioning of asthma children in the completely controlled group were better, compared with the partly controlled group and uncontrolled group（P〈0.01）. Conclusion Family environment and family functioning have significant impact on the asthma control in children. Medical staff should guide the parents to enhance family functioning and modify family environment.