45例口腔颌面部游离组织瓣移植术并发症的观察及护理

Observation and nursing of postoperative complications in 45 patients receiving oral and maxillofacial free flap transplantation

回顾总结45例口腔颌面部血管化游离组织瓣移植修复术患者的护理。45例患者中出现组织瓣血管危象5例、伤口感染3例、坠积性肺炎伴感染1例、乳糜漏1例、下肢股总静脉血栓形成1例、术中压疮形成10例,经积极的治疗与护理,除2例患者组织瓣血管危象致组织瓣坏死剪除,其余患者术后并发症均得到了及时有效的处理,保证了游离组织瓣移植的成功。血管化游离组织瓣移植修复口腔颌面部缺损术后,对术后并发症的发生要做到早预防、早发现、早处理,才能降低并发症发生率,提高移植的成功率。

This paper summarizes the observation and nursing of postoperative complications in 45 patients receiving oral and maxillofacial free flap transplantation. The complications included vascular crisis in 5 cases,wound infection in 3 cases,hypostatic pneumonia in one case,chylous fistula in one case,common femoral vein thrombosis in one case and intraoperative pressure ulcer in once case. After active therapy and nursing,the complications were treated timely and effectively except 2 cases of flap necrosis due to vascular crisis. It is suggested that early prevention,early detection and early treatment of postoperative complications should be emphasized to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and increase the success rate of free flap transplantation.