三维GIS技术在铁路全生命周期中的应用探讨

The Application of 3D GIS Technology in the Whole Life Cycle of Railway

研究目的:结合铁路实际工程案例,分析和探讨三维GIS技术如何在铁路勘察设计、施工建设和安全运营各阶段,实现广泛深入的应用,发挥其基础性和支撑性作用,从理论和实践上,验证该技术和思路的可行性和必要性。本文提出的一些理论和思路、研究开发的软件工具,对于铁路信息化建设的进一步提高和铁路BIM技术的推广应用,具有广泛的借鉴和实际应用价值。研究结论:通过对中老、宝兰和成昆铁路的勘察设计、建设施工和安全运营,三阶段的实际研究应用得出:(1)提出了一套面向铁路行业的三维GIS技术应用路线;(2)提出并建设了铁路带状三维场景快速构建三维模型库:(3)研究开发了一系列面向铁路行业的实用三维GIS软件功能和工具,包括:铁路三维环评、征地拆迁、铁路三维中线提取、三维断面采集等功能和工具;(4)该研究成果可广泛应用于铁路信息化建设和BIM技术的研究应用工作中,可产生良好的社会和经济效益。

Research purposes： Based on the actual railway engineering,analyze and discuss on 3d GIS how to in different stages of the survey and design,construction and operation,realize the extensive application and play a fundamental and its supporting role. Theoretically and practically,the paper verifies the feasibility and necessity of the technology and idea. This paper proposes some theories and ideas,software tools of research and development,has a wide range of reference and actual application value to further improve of railway informatization construction and railway application of BIM technology.Research conclusions： In survey and design,construction and safety operation of China- Laos,Baoji- Lanzhou and Chengdu- Kunming Railway,the actual research application of the three stages draws the following conclusions：（ 1） Put forward a set of 3D GIS application technology route oriented railroad industry.（ 2） Put forward and build 3D model library to quickly construct the railway strip three- dimensional scene.（ 3） Developed a series of practical 3D GIS software tools for railway industry including： three- dimensional environmental impact assessment,the land requisition and demolishing,railway three- dimensional centerline extraction,three- dimensional profile collection,and other functions and tools.（ 4） The research result can be widely used in railway informatization construction and the application of BIM technology work,which can produce good social and economic benefits.