南宋纲目体本朝史的编修及其流变

The Compilation of the History of Current Dynasty in Compendium Style in the Southern Song Dynasty and Its Evolvement

南宋中后期以来,纲目体本朝史的编修异军突起,陈均等史家继承和发展朱熹所创的纲目体体例,开创了纲目体本朝史,并相继编成《皇朝编年纲目备要》、《中兴两朝编年纲目》、《续编两朝纲目备要》等贯通两宋十三朝历史的纲目体本朝史。随后,这些史书又被刘时举等宋元史家直接改编成《续宋中兴编年资治通鉴》、《续宋编年资治通鉴》等简明编年体史书。简明编年体史书直接脱胎于纲目体本朝史,可以视为南宋纲目体本朝史在宋元之际的发展与流变。纲目体本朝史的大量编修与发展,既是南宋纲目体本朝史自身优势及其影响力的体现,又是宋元时期史学普及化风气的反映,它适应了科举制度、教育文化事业不断进步,以及史书作为商品受到愈来愈多读书人及书商等社会阶层重视的社会需要。

Since the middle and late Southern Song Dynasty,the compilation of the history of the current dynasty in a compendium style emerged.Inheriting and developing the compendium style initiated by Zhu Xi,Chen Jun,and other historians,this style started the history of current dynasty in compendium format,and soon there were compiled A Collection of Chronological Compendium of the Dynasty,A Continued Collection of Compendium of the Two Dynasties,and other books which linked up the Northern and Southern Song Dynasties.Later on,those books were directly adapted into A Continuation of Chronological Comprehensive Mirror of the Southern Song Dynasty,A Continuation of Chronological Comprehensive Mirror of the Song Dynasty,and other concise chronological historical books by Liu Shiju and other historians in the Song and Yuan Dynasties.The concise chronological historical books were derived directly from the history of current dynasty in compendium style,and the former could be regarded as the development and evolution of the latter during the Song and Yuan Dynasties.The massive compilation of the history of current dynasty in compendium style reflected both the advantage and impact of the style in the Southern Song Dynasty,and the atmosphere of the popularization of history in the period.It also advanced in step with the imperial examination and educational business,as well as the social needs,the historical books were more and more valued by the social classes such as intellectuals and booksellers.